PRECLINICAL TEST CONDENSED TANNINS OF Pluchea indica DOSAGE BASED ON BEHAVIOURAL PARAMETERS OF MALE Rattus norvegicus AS CONTRACEPTIVE CANDIDATE
UJI PREKLINIK DOSIS TANIN TERKONDENSASI Pluchea indica BERDASARKAN PARAMETER PERILAKU PRIA Rattus norvegicus
Keywords:
Antifertility, Acute Toxicity, Behaviour, Drug Candidate, Lethal Dose
Abstract
Herbal medicine's development as an antifertility agent is the condensed tannins of the leaves of beluntas (Pluchea indica). This study was to determine the safety of P. indica condensed tannin extract based on the behaviour of male Rattus norvegicus. This research design was qualitative descriptive with two weeks direct observation of animal models and scoring based on rats' behaviour parameters. Comparative research involving 24 white male rats based on negative control group (aquades), dose groups : I (0.4 ml/KgBW), II (2 ml/KgBW), and III (2 ml/KgBW and 3 ml/KgBW). Parameters observed were body posture, motoric activity, ataxia, righting reflex, gauze test, analgesia, ptosis, and respiratory death or cardiac arrest. The result showed a significant correlation between three of the eight parameters, namely body posture, motor activity, and ptosis based on the dose that had been given. The safe dossage as an antifertility candidate for humans was range I to dose II (0.4ml/KgBW-2 ml/KgBW) because it was included in the practically non-toxic category. Therefore, this research was important to make condensed tannins safe in their application as an antifertility drug for humans in the future.
References
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Sulastra, C. S., Khaerati, K. K. K., & Ihwan. (2020). Toksisitas Akut Dan Lethal Dosis (Ld50) Ekstrak Etanol Uwi Banggai Ungu (Dioscorea alata L.) Pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus). Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento, 6(1), 10–14. https://doi.org/10.36733/medicamento.v6i1.715
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Susetyarini, E., Wahyono, P., Latifa, R., & Nurrohman, E. (2020). New Zealand rabbit ’ s spermatozoa after the treatment of tannins extraction of Pluchea indica. Bioedukasi : Jurnal Biologi Dan Pembelajarannya, 18(2), 59–68.
Widyawati, P. S., WIjaya, C. H., Hardjosworo, P. S., & Sajuthi, D. (2011). Evaluasi Aktivitas Antioksidatif Ekstrak Daun Beluntas (Plucea indica) Berdasarkan Perbedaan Ruas Daun. Jurnal Teknologi Pangan, 5(1), 1–17.
Wijaya, C., Sukohar, A., & Soleha, T. U. (2018). Pengaruh Pemberian Dosis Bertingkat Konsentrat Tart Cherry ( Prunus cerasus ) Terhadap Perpanjangan Waktu Tidur Mencit yang Diinduksi Fenobarbital. Medical Journal Of Lampung University. 7(11), 117–121.
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Adnan, & Halifah, P. (2000). Pengaruh ekstrak rimpang tumbuhan pacing (Costus specious, J.E. Smith) terhadap fertilitas mencit (Mus musculus) ICR jantan. Universitas Negeri Makassar.
Ashizawa, T., & Xia, G. (2016). Ataxia (Movement Disorders). Continuum, 22(4), 1–10.
Ayun, A. Q., Faridah, D. N., Yuliana, N. D., & Andriyanto, A. (2021). Pengujian Toksisitas Akut LD50 Infusa Benalu Teh (Scurrula sp.) dengan Menggunakan Mencit (Mus musculus). Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana, 9(1), 53–63. https://doi.org/10.29244/avi.9.1.53-63
Bringmann, H. (2018). Sleep-active neurons: Conserved motors of sleep. Genetics, 208(4), 1279–1289. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.117.300521
Creagh, S., Warden, D., Latif, M. A., & Paydar, A. (2018). The New Classes of Synthetic Illicit Drugs Can Significantly Harm the Brain: A Neuro Imaging Perspective with Full Review of MRI Findings. Clinical radiology & imaging journal, 2(1), 000116.
Daniyal, M., & Akram, M. (2015). Antifertility activity of medicinal plants. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, 78(7), 382–388. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcma.2015.03.008
Delfita, R. (2014). Potensi Antifertilitas Ekstrak Teh Hitam Pada Mencit (Mus musculus L.) Jantan. Jurnal Sainstek IAIN Batusangkar, 6(2), 181–188.
Diana, K., Kumala, A., Nurlin, N., & Tandah, M. R. (2021). Evaluasi Penggunaan Obat Berdasarkan Indikator Peresepan dan Pelayanan Pasien di Rumah Sakit Tora Belo. Jurnal Farmasi Dan Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia, 7(1SI), 13. https://doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v7i1si2020.13-19
Endeswari, S. (2017). Penelitian toksisitas akut natrium nitrit pada hewan uji tikus. Media Litbang Kesehatan, 10(2), 12–15.
Gamble, M. C., Katsuki, F., McCoy, J. G., Strecker, R. E., & McKenna, J. T. (2021). The Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist DORA-22 Improves Mild Stress-induced Sleep Disruption During the Natural Sleep Phase of Nocturnal Rats. Neuroscience, 463, 30–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.03.003
Hadjivassiliou, M. (2017). Causes of progressive cerebellar ataxia: prospective evaluation of 1500 patients. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 88(4), 1–8. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2016-314863
Hairunnisa, H. (2019). Sulitnya Menemukan Obat Baru di Indonesia. Farmasetika.Com (Online), 4(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.24198/farmasetika.v4i1.22517
Haris, R. A., Tendean, L., & Turalaki, G. (2016). Pengaruh pemberian kopi terhadap kualitas spermatozoa tikus wistar (Rattus norvegicus) yang terpapar stres. Jurnal E-Biomedik, 4(2), 0–5. https://doi.org/10.35790/ebm.4.2.2016.14634
Hassan, Z.M., Manyelo, T.G., Selaledi, L. (2020). The effects of tannins in monogastric animals with special reference to alternative feed ingredients. Journal Molecules, 25(20), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25204680
Heliawati, L. (2017). Dari etnofitorapi hingga fitofarmaka. Jurnal Etnofitorapi, 1(1).
Ju, Y. lun, Yang, L., Yue, X. feng, He, R., Deng, S. lin, Yang, X., Liu, X., & Fang, Y. lin. (2021). The condensed tannins chemistry and astringency properties of fifteen Vitis davidii Foex grapes and wines. Food Chemistry: X, 11(April), 100125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2021.100125
Luthfiyah, F. (2020). Pengaruh serbuk daun kelor lokal nusa tenggara barat (ntb) pada tikus kurang gizi (evaluasi berat badan dan kadar albumin serum). Paper Knowledge . Toward a Media History of Documents, 1(1), 12–26.
Manzoor, F., Nisa, M. U., Hussain, H. A., Ahmad, N., & Umbreen, H. (2020). Effect of different levels of hydrolysable tannins intake on the reproductive hormones and serum biochemical indices in healthy female rats. Scientific Reports, 10(0123456789), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77672-0
Mustapa, M. A. (2018). Uji Toksisitas Akut Yang Diukur Dengan Penentuan Ld50 Ekstrak Etanol Bunga Cengkeh (Syzygium Aromaticum L.) Terhadap Mencit (Mus Musculus) Menggunakan Metode Thompson-Weil. Frontiers: Jurnal Sains Dan Teknologi, 1(April), 105–117. https://doi.org/10.36412/frontiers/001035e1/april201801.10
Natawigena, W. D., Dono, D., & Febriana, I. (2018). Toksisitas ekstrak biji Barringtonia asiatica (Lecythidaceae) terhadap mencit putih (Mus musculus Strain DDY). Jurnal Agro, 5(2), 76–85. https://doi.org/10.15575/3589
Robinson, H. J. (2013). Toxicity of tannic acid. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 77(1), 63–69.
Shah, S. K., & Jhade, D. N. (2018). Evaluation of antifertility potential of Piper betle (Petiole) on female wistar rats “rising approaches of herbal contraception’’. Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports, 15(October 2016), 97–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrep.2018.08.001
Sharma, K., Kumar, V., Kaur, J., Tanwar, B., Goyal, A., Sharma, R., Gat, Y., & Kumar, A. (2019). Health effects, sources, utilization and safety of tannins: a critical review. Toxin Reviews, 1(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/15569543.2019.1662813
Siswadi, S. G. S. (2018). Uji Toksisitas Akut Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Batang Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br) Pada Tikus Sprague-Dawley. Jurnal Farmasi, 23(2), 127–134.
Sugiantari, I. A. P., Suaskara, I. B. M., & Suarni, N. M. R. (2020). Konsentrasi Spermatozoa Dan Ketebalan Tubulus Seminiferus Tikus Putih Jantan Setelah Pemberian Seduhan Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera L.). Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences, 7(2).240-247 https://doi.org/10.24843/metamorfosa.2020.v07.i02.p13
Sujana, D., Winda Suwandi, D., Rusdiana, T., & Subarnas, A. (2020). Acute Toxicity Test Of Ethanol Extract Of Pakis Tangkur (Polypodium Feei) Root From Talaga Bodas Mountain On Swiss Webster Mice Article History. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmako Bahari, Augus.11(2).167–179.
Sulastra, C. S., Khaerati, K. K. K., & Ihwan. (2020). Toksisitas Akut Dan Lethal Dosis (Ld50) Ekstrak Etanol Uwi Banggai Ungu (Dioscorea alata L.) Pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus). Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento, 6(1), 10–14. https://doi.org/10.36733/medicamento.v6i1.715
Susetyarini, E. (2013). Aktivitas tanin daun beluntas terhadap konsentrasi spermatozoa tikus putih jantan. Jurnal Gamma, 8(2), 14–20.
Susetyarini, E., Wahyono, P., Latifa, R., & Nurrohman, E. (2020). New Zealand rabbit ’ s spermatozoa after the treatment of tannins extraction of Pluchea indica. Bioedukasi : Jurnal Biologi Dan Pembelajarannya, 18(2), 59–68.
Widyawati, P. S., WIjaya, C. H., Hardjosworo, P. S., & Sajuthi, D. (2011). Evaluasi Aktivitas Antioksidatif Ekstrak Daun Beluntas (Plucea indica) Berdasarkan Perbedaan Ruas Daun. Jurnal Teknologi Pangan, 5(1), 1–17.
Wijaya, C., Sukohar, A., & Soleha, T. U. (2018). Pengaruh Pemberian Dosis Bertingkat Konsentrat Tart Cherry ( Prunus cerasus ) Terhadap Perpanjangan Waktu Tidur Mencit yang Diinduksi Fenobarbital. Medical Journal Of Lampung University. 7(11), 117–121.
Wulan, H., EM, U. R., & Ika, P. (2017). Uji Efek Anlgetik Antipiretik Ekstrak Etanol Alfafa (Medicago sativa) pada Tikus Putih. Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik. 53(9), 1689–1699.
