ISOLASI, ENUMERASI, DAN KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI PELARUT FOSFAT (BPF) INDIGENUS TANAH DESA KEBUNAN SUMENEP SEBAGAI AGEN PUPUK HAYATI ORGANIK
Abstract
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) are known that have important role to improve plant phosphate uptake as biofertilizer. These Microorganism hold potential to promote organic agriculture as eco friendly and efficiency. This study aims to isolate, enumerate and characterize indigenous PSB from Kebunan Village soil as the organic biofertilizer agent. Isolation and enumeration were carried out using the spread plate method on PCA media for enumeration of the total bacteria and Pikovskaya media (PKV) and NBRIP for BPF selection and enumeration. characterization includes observing the morphological colonies and cells. These experimental studies found that the soil pH was 6.5, the temperature range was 28-35 °C, the total P content was from 0.59 to 1.09 and the dissolved phosphate content sequentially from the smallest is 0.53 (KB2), 29.41 (KB1), 60.45 (KB3). The total abundance of bacteria at 3 different locations showed variations between 1.97 x 106 to 287 x 106. The highest abundance of BPF reached 5.45 x 106 cfu/g was in the watershed which had the lowest available P content. Total 7 isolates of BPF were successfully isolated and characterized with different colony characters and cell shapes. The selected BPF isolates were dominated by Gram-positive bacilli.
References
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Astuti, D.A., Sudarsono., Sulaeman, A., & Syukur, M. (2016). Pengembangan Pertanian Organik di Indonesia. Pemikiran Guru Besar IPB. Bogor: PT Penerbit IPB Press.
Badan Standarisasi Nasional. (2016). Sistem Pertanian Organik. https://nasih.staff.ugm.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/SNI-6729-2016-sistem-pertanian-organik.pdf
Behera, B.C., Yadav, H., Singh, S.K., Mishra, R.R., Sethi, B.K., Dutta, S.K., & Thatoi. (2017). Phosphate solubilization and acid phosphatase activity of Serratia sp. isolated from mangrove soil of Mahanadi river delta, Odisha, India. J Genet Eng Biotechnol, 15(1), 169-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgeb.2017.01.003
Billah, M., Khan, M., Bano, A., Hassan, T.U., Munir, A., & Gurmani, A.R. (2019). Phosphorus and phosphate solubilizing bacteria: Keys for sustainable agriculture. Geomicrobiology Journal, 36(10), 904-916. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2019.1654043
Darwanto, I. P. (2016) Peran Kelompok Tani Sayuran Organik terhadap Pengembangan Ekonomi Lokal. Jurnal Bisnis dan Ekonomi (JBE), 23(2), 105 – 123. https://repofeb.undip.ac.id/id/eprint/6084
Harley & Prescott. (2012). Laboratory Exercises in Microbiology. Fifth Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies.
Hefdiyah, & Shovitri, M. (2014). Potensi Isolat Bakteri Edwardsiella dan Corynebacterium dari Pulau Poteran Sumenep sebagai Pelarut Fosfat, Jurnal Sains dan Seni ITS, 3(2), 2301-9271. https://doi.org/10.12962/j23373520.v3i2.6910
Kumar, S., Reddy, G. C., Phogat, M., & Korav, S. (2018). Role of bio-fertilizers towards sustainable agricultural development. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7(6), 1915-1921. https://www.phytojournal.com/archives/2018/vol7issue6/PartAH/7-6-370-168.pdf
Madigan, M.T., Martinko, J.M., Stahl, A.D., & Clark, D.P. (2012). Brock Biology of Microorganisms 13th ed, San Francisco : Pearson.
Marista E., Khotimah S., & Linda R. (2013). Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat Hasil Isolasi dari Tiga Jenis Tanah Rizosfer Tanaman Pisang Nipah (Musa paradisiaca var. nipah) di Kota Singkawang. Jurnal Protobiont, 2(2), 93-101. https://doi.org/10.26418/protobiont.v2i2.2749
Nautiyal, C.S. (1999). An efficient microbiological growth media for screening phosphate solubilizing microorganisms. FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 170(1999), 265–270. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13383.x
O'Toole, G. A. (2016). Classic Spotlight: Plate Counting You Can Count On. J Bacteriol, 198(23), 3127. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.00711-16
Pande A., Pandey P., Mehra S., Singh M & Kaushik S. (2017). Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of an Phosohate Solubilizing Bacteria and Their Efficiency on The Growth of Maize. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 15(2), 379-391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgeb.2017.06.005
Pangaribuan, N. (2018). Eksplorasi Mikroorganisme Indigenus Inseptisols. Jurnal Matematika, Sains, dan Teknologi, 19(2), 80-88. https://doi.org/10.33830/jmst.v19i2.109.2018
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Supriyadi, S. (2007). Kesuburan Tanah di Lahan Kering Madura. Embryo, 4(2), 124-131. https://pertanian.trunojoyo.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/4-Slamet-S-Kesuburan-Tanah.pdf
Suriani, S., Soemarmo, & Suharjono. (2013). Pengaruh Suhu dan pH Terhadap Laju Pertumbuhan Lima Isolat Bakteri Anggota Genus Pseudomonas yang Diisolasi dari Ekosistem Sungai Tercemar Deterjen di Sekitar Kampus Universitas Brawijaya. J-PAL, Vol. 3(2), 58-62. https://jpal.ub.ac.id/index.php/jpal/article/view/126
Yadaf, R.K., Gothwal, V.K., Nigam, S. Sinha,& Roy, P. Ghosh. (2013). Optimization of culture conditions for phosphate solubilization by a thermo-tolerant phosphate-solubilizing bacterium Brevibacillus sp. BISR-HY65 isolated from phosphate mines. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 2(3), 217-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2013.04.005
Yusuf, A.F. Endapan Fosfat Di Daerah Madura. Sub Dit. Eksplorasi Mineral Industri dan Batuan. Kolokium Hasil Kegiatan Lapangan DSM (2000). http://psdg.bgl.esdm.go.id/index.php?view=article&catid=52%3Acontent-menu-utama&id=332%3Aendapan-fosfat-di-daerah-madura&tmpl=component&print=1&page=&option=com_content&Itemid=3
Zheng, B.X., Zhang, D.P., Wang, Y., Hao. X.L., Wadaan, MAM., Hozzein, W.N., Peñuelas, J., Zhu, Y.G., & Yang, X.R. (2019). Responses to Soil pH Gradients of Inorganic Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria Community. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 1-8. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-37003-w
