HERPETOFAUNA PADA HABITAT HUTAN BATU GAMPING DI MANOKWARI, PAPUA BARAT; SPESIES, KERAGAMAN, KEKAYAAN DAN POPULASI
Keywords:
Herpetofauna, Diversity, Batu Gamping, Manokwari
Abstract
The research was conducted in the Maruni limestone forest habitat. The observation plots were carried out at an altitude of 35 masl to> 212 masl. Observations were made 2 times every day (day and night). The method of calculating diversity is done using the Shannon-Wieners Index and the species population is calculated using the Alikodra formula. 11 species were found that belong to the Varanidae, Boidae, Gekkonidae, Ranidae, and Hylidae families. The diversity of wildlife in the Maruni limestone location follows the altitude of the habitat. Reptiles do not differ according to height. The most common types are in the class of lizards, monitor lizards, and frogs. The types of herpetofauna that can be found are carnivores and are not protected. This type of monitor lizard can be found in abundance in low areas to an altitude of> 200 meters above sea level. Meanwhile, monitor lizards can be found in wet forests and near water sources. Similar to lizards, frogs inhabit wet or watery areas. The diversity of wildlife species in limestone habitats in each class of Reptiles is 18%. The population of herpetofauna species found varied between 25-1200 individuals.
References
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Lindenmayer, D. B. (2011). What Makes a Good Farm for Wildlife? Australia: CSIRO Publishing.
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Rouge, B. (2001). Hyper-Abundance of Native Wild Pigs. Biotropica, 33 (4): 682–690.
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Salosa, S. T., Awang, S. A., Suryanto, P., Purwanto, H., (2014). “ALAM PEGUNUNGAN ARFAK ( Forest in Hatam Community Live on Arfak Mountains Natural Reserve Environment ) Program Doktoral Program Studi Ilmu Kehutanan , Universitas Gadjah Mada ,.” J. Manusia Dan Lingkungan 21 (3): 349–55. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22146/jml.18563.
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Savilaakso, S., Laumonier, Y., Guariguata, M.R., &Nasi, R.. (2013). Does Production of Oil Palm , Soybean , or Jatropha Change Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functions in Tropical Forests. Bogor: Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR).
Scherr, S.J., &Mcneely, J.A.. (2008). Biodiversity conservation and agricultural sustainability: Towards a new paradigm of 'ecoagriculture' landscapes. Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences, 363(1491):477-94. DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2007.2165
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Suhaema, E., &Tjahjono, B. (2014). The Regional Development of Cattle Based on Physical and Forage Land Suitability in Cianjur Regency. Jurnal Tanah & Lingkungan, 16(2), 53–60.
Suradi. (2013). Kondisi, Potensi Dan Sumberdaya Suku Alune Di Seram Bagian Barat, Maluku. Sosiokonsepsia, 18 (2): 205–224.
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Alikodra, H.S. (1990). Pengelolaan Satwa Liar. Jilid I. Bogor: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Dirjen Dikti. Pusat Antar Universitas Ilmu Hayati. IPB.
Apriliano, A., Chairul Anwar, C., Pawhestri, S.W. and Satiyarti, R.B. (2018). Keanekaragaman Burung Di Kampus UIN Raden Intan Lampung. BIOSFER Jurnal Tadris Pendidikan Biologi, 9(2), 193–203.
Arini, D.I.D. (2011). Avifauna Penghuni Hutan Kobe Kawasan Taman Nasional Aketajawe. Info BPK Manado, 1(1), 1-13.
Azhar, B., Lindenmayer, D.B., Wood, J., Fischer, J., and Zakaria, M. (2014). Mammals in Plantation Estates and Smallholdings. Biodiversity and Conservation, 23(5), 1175–1191. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-014-0656-z.
Corsi, F. (2004). Applications of Existing Biodiversity Information: Capacity to Support Decision Making. Thesis. International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation.
Declerck, F. A. J., Chazdon, R., Karen D Holl, K.D., Milder, J. C., Finegan, B., Martinez-salinas, A., Imbach, P., Canet, L., &Ramos, Z. (2010). Biodiversity Conservation in Human-Modified Landscapes of Mesoamerica : Past, Present and Future. Biological Conservation, 143(10):2301–2313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2010.03.026
Dharma, A.P. & Meitiyani. (2019). Inventarisasi Amfibi Resort Cisarua Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango berdasarkan musim yang berbeda. Biosilampari, 2(1), 1-5. DOI. DOI: 10.31540/biosilampari.v2i1.585.
Edwards, F. A., Edwards, D.P., Larsen, T.H., Hsu, W.W., Benedick, S., Chung, A., Khen, C.V., Wilcove, D.S., &Hamer, K.C. (2014). Does Logging and Forest Conversion to Oil Palm Agriculture Alter Functional Diversity in a Biodiversity Hotspot ?. Animal Conservation, 17 (2): 163–173. DOI. https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12074.
Firdaus, A.B., Setiawan, A. &Rustiati, E.L.(2014). Keanekaragaman Spesies Burung Di Repong Damar Pekon Pahmungan Kecamatan Pesisir Tengah Krui Kabupaten Lampung Barat. Jurnal Sylva Lestari, 2 (2): 1–6.
Gilroy, J.J., Prescott, G.W., &Cardenas, J.S. (2015). Minimizing the Biodiversity Impact of Neotropical Oil Palm Development. Glob Chang Biol, 21 (4), 1531–1540. DOI. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12696.
Glor, R. E., Flecker, A.S., Benard, M. F., &Power, A.G.. (2001). Lizard Diversity and Agricultural Disturbance in a Caribbean Forest Landscape. Biodiversity and Conservation, 10, 711–723. DOI. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016665011087
Gray, C.L., Simmons, B.I., Fayle, T.M., Mann, D.J., &Slade, E.M.. (2016). “Are Riparian Forest Reserves Sources of Invertebrate Biodiversity Spillover and Associated Ecosystem Functions in Oil Palm Landscapes ?. Biological Conservation 194: 176–83. DOI. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.12.017.
Gunarso, P., Setyawati, T., Sunderland, T., & Shackleton, C. (2009). Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Hutan Di Era Desentralisasi. Bogor: Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR).
Hartono, B.T. (2016). Dilema Pemilihan Kenekaragman Hayati Dan Orkestrasi Konservasi Tumbuhan Hutan. Edited by Nina Mindawati, M Bismark, and Lutfy Abdullah. 1st ed. Bogor: FORDA Press.
Hamidy, A & Mulyadi. (2007). Herpetofauna di Pulau Waigeo. Laporan Penelitian. Bogor: LIPI.
Harmoko, Samitra, D., Sepriyaningsih, Yustian, I & Setiawan, A. (2020). The Diversity Of Anura Order At Lake Gegas Of Musi Rawas Regency, South Sumatera Province. Biosfer: Jurnal Tadris Biologi, 11 (1), 11-16. DOI. https://doi.org/10.24042/biosfer.v1i1.6284.
Irwin, M. T., Wright, P.C., Birkinshaw, C., Fisher, B.L., Gardner, C.J., Glos, J., Goodman, S. M., (2010). Patterns of Species Change in Anthropogenically Disturbed Forests of Madagascar. Biological Conservation 143 (10): 2351–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2010.01.023.
Iyai, D. A., Murwanto, A. G., Killian, A.M. (2011). Hunting and Ethnozoology Systems of Monitor Lizards (Fam . Varanidae) Utilized by Yaur Tribe at National Park of Cenderawasih Gulf. Biota, 16(2), 278-286.
Kamaluddin, A., Winarno, G.D., &Dewi, B.S.. (2019). Keanekaragaman Jenis Avifauna Di Pusat Latihan Gajah (PLG) Taman Nasional Way Kambas Diversity of Avifauna at the Elephant Training Center. Jurnal Sylva Lestari 7 (1): 10–21. doi.org /10.23960/jsl1710-21.
Kartikasari, S.N., Marshall, A.J., &Beehler, B.M. (2012). Seri Ekologi Indonesia, Jilid VI: Ekologi Papua. VI. Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia.
Katel, O.N., Pradhan, S., &Schmidt-vogt., D.. (2014). A Survey of Livestock Losses Caused by Asiatic Wild Dogs, Leopards and Tigers , and of the Impact of Predation on the Livelihood of Farmers in Bhutan A Survey of Livestock Losses Caused by Asiatic Wild Dogs, Leopards and Tigers, and of the Impact of Predation on the Livelihood of Farmers in Bhutan. Wildlife Research, 41(4):300-310. DOI. https://doi.org/10.1071/WR14013
Kuswandi, R., Supriyatno, N., &S adono, R.. (2015). Keanekaragaman Struktur Tegakan Hutan Alam Bekas Tebangan Berdasarkan Biogeografi Di Papua ( Diversity of Stand Structure in Logged-Over Forest Based on Papua Biogeography). J. Manusia Dan Lingkungan, 22 (2): 151–59. https://doi.org/10.22146/jml.18737.
Laimeheriwa, S.. (2012). Perubahan Iklim Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Perubahan Musim Tanam Di Wilayah Maluku Dengan Pola Hujan Bimodal. Agrilan 1 (1): 75–84.
Lindenmayer, D. B. (2011). What Makes a Good Farm for Wildlife? Australia: CSIRO Publishing.
Lucey, J.M., Tawatao, N., Senior, M.J.M., Vun, C., Benedick, S., Hamer, K.C., Woodcock, P., Newton, R.J., Bottrell, S.H., &Hill, J.K.. (2014). Tropical Forest Fragments Contribute to Species Richness in Adjacent Oil Palm Plantations. Biological Conservation 169: 268–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2013.11.014.
Luskin, M. S., Christina, E.D., Kelley, L.C., &Potts, M.D. (2014). Modern Hunting Practices and Wild Meat Trade in the Oil Palm Plantation-Dominated Landscapes of Sumatra, Indonesia. Human Ecology, 42 (1): 35–45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-013-9606-8.
Nurtjahya, E., Setiadi, D., Guhardja, E.D.I, Setiadi, Y., Nurkanto, A., Pujiasmanto, B., & Moenandir, J. (2007). Populasi Collembola Di Lahan Revegetasi Tailing Timah Di Pulau Bangka. Biodiversitas, Journal of Biological Diversity, 8(4):309–13. DOI. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d080413.
Pattinama, M. J. (2009). Pengentasan Kemiskinan Dengan Kearifan Lokal (Studi Kasus Di Pulau Buru-Maluku Dan Surade-Jawa Barat). Makara, Sosial Humaniora 13 (1): 1–12. DOI. https://doi.org/10.7454/mssh.v13i1.195.
Pattiselanno, F., Randa, S.Y., Iyai, D. A., & Baaka, A.. (2014). Indigenous Pig Management in West Papua (Highland Vs Coastal Sites). J.Indonesian Trop.Anim.Agric, 38(1), 55-64.
Prabowo, A., Dewantara, I., & Prayogo, H. (2019). Keanekaragaman Avifauna Diurnal Pada Kawasan Mempawah Mangorve Park Dan Sekitarnya Di Desa Pasir Kabupaten Mempawah. Jurnal Hutan Lestari, 7 (1): 316–26.
Rademaker, M., Meijaard, E., Semiadi, G., &Blokland, S.. (2016). First Ecological Study of the Bawean Warty Pig ( Sus Blouchi ), One of the Rarest Pigs on Earth. PLoS ONE, 11(4) 1–15.
Rouge, B. (2001). Hyper-Abundance of Native Wild Pigs. Biotropica, 33 (4): 682–690.
Rozi, Z. F., & Samitra, D. (2020). Amphibians Diversity in Sulap Hill and Watervang Dam Lubuklinggau. Jurnal Biodjati, 5(1), 153-163. DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v5i1.5340
Salosa, S. T., Awang, S. A., Suryanto, P., Purwanto, H., (2014). “ALAM PEGUNUNGAN ARFAK ( Forest in Hatam Community Live on Arfak Mountains Natural Reserve Environment ) Program Doktoral Program Studi Ilmu Kehutanan , Universitas Gadjah Mada ,.” J. Manusia Dan Lingkungan 21 (3): 349–55. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22146/jml.18563.
Samitra, D. & Rozi, Z. F. (2020). Short Communication: The Herpetofauna around Human Settlements in Lubuklinggau City, South Sumatra, Indonesia: Composition and Diversity. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 21(4), 1432–1437. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210422.
Savilaakso, S., Laumonier, Y., Guariguata, M.R., &Nasi, R.. (2013). Does Production of Oil Palm , Soybean , or Jatropha Change Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functions in Tropical Forests. Bogor: Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR).
Scherr, S.J., &Mcneely, J.A.. (2008). Biodiversity conservation and agricultural sustainability: Towards a new paradigm of 'ecoagriculture' landscapes. Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences, 363(1491):477-94. DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2007.2165
Sileuw, A., Muhtaman, D.R., Arief, H., Santoso, K., Prasetyo, I.B., Nurwata, P., Mansyur, I.. (2013). Panduan Pengelolaan Dan Pemantauan Nilai Konservasi Tinggi. Tetra Burlington : Tech ARD.
Sodhi, N. S., Koh, L.P., Brook, B.W., &Ng, P.K.L. (2004). Southeast Asian Biodiversity : An Impending Disaster. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 19(12), 654-660. DOI. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2004.09.006.
Suhaema, E., &Tjahjono, B. (2014). The Regional Development of Cattle Based on Physical and Forage Land Suitability in Cianjur Regency. Jurnal Tanah & Lingkungan, 16(2), 53–60.
Suradi. (2013). Kondisi, Potensi Dan Sumberdaya Suku Alune Di Seram Bagian Barat, Maluku. Sosiokonsepsia, 18 (2): 205–224.
Tabarelli, M., Venceslau, A., Cezar, M., Paul, J., &Peres, C.A. (2010). Prospects for Biodiversity Conservation in the Atlantic Forest : Lessons from Aging Human-Modified Landscapes. Biological Conservation, 143 (10): 2328–2340. DOI. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2010.02.005.
Tylianakis, J.M., Laliberté, E., Nielsen, A., & Bascompte, J. (2010). Conservation of Species Interaction Networks. Biological Conservation, 143(10), 2270–2279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2009.12.004.
Utami-Atmoko, S.S., Saputra, F., Suwarso, Husein, H.Z., Triandika, K., &Fahrizal, D.. (2017). Keanekaragaman Hayati Blok Sembakung Kabupaten Nunukan Provinsi Kalimantan Utara. Jakarta: Universitas Nasional.
Widjaya, E.A., Rahayuningsih, Y., Rahajoe, J.S., Ubaidillah, R., Maryanto, I., Walujo, W., &Semiadi, G.. (2014). Kekinian Keanekaragaman Hayati Indonesia 2014. Jakarta: LIPI.
